{"id":3785,"date":"2025-01-20T14:05:32","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T14:05:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/?p=3785"},"modified":"2025-01-20T14:28:42","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T14:28:42","slug":"wie-wahlt-man-eine-umkehrphasen-hplc-saule-aus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/de\/how-to-choose-reversed-phase-hplc-column\/","title":{"rendered":"Wie w\u00e4hlt man eine Umkehrphasen-HPLC-S\u00e4ule aus?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3785\" class=\"elementor elementor-3785\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262a64d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"262a64d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe305ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe305ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1><span style=\"color: #33615a;\">Wie w\u00e4hlt man Umkehrphasen-HPLC-S\u00e4ulen aus?<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d04f65 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4d04f65\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41ab0ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41ab0ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5e1be36318c4d\" data-node=\"5e1be36318c4d\"><div class=\"fl-module-content fl-node-content\"><div class=\"fl-rich-text\"><p>Verschiedene gebundene Phasen f\u00fcr Umkehrphasen-Trennungen weisen unterschiedliche Kombinationen m\u00f6glicher Wechselwirkungen zwischen gel\u00f6ster und station\u00e4rer Phase auf. Bei gebundenen Phasen beeinflusst die Vielfalt der Trennmechanismen die Gesamtselektivit\u00e4t. Diese Vorherrschaft h\u00e4ngt von den Eigenschaften des Analyten und den angewandten chromatographischen Bedingungen ab. Die wichtigsten Wechselwirkungen zwischen gel\u00f6sten Stoffen und station\u00e4ren Phasen, die zur Selektivit\u00e4t der S\u00e4ule beitragen, sind die folgenden.<\/p><ul><li><strong>Hydrophobe Wechselwirkung<\/strong>\u00a0ist ein dominanter Retentionsmechanismus f\u00fcr alle Umkehrphasens\u00e4ulen und die wichtigste Wechselwirkung von Alkylphasen. F\u00fcr eine bestimmte Phase ist die Retentionszeit proportional zur Hydrophobizit\u00e4t des Molek\u00fcls.<\/li><li><strong>Wasserstoff-Bindungsf\u00e4higkeit<\/strong>\u00a0einer Phase beinhaltet im Allgemeinen die Wechselwirkung einer basischen Gruppe des gel\u00f6sten Stoffes mit einer sauren Gruppe innerhalb der station\u00e4ren Phase, m\u00f6glicherweise durch ungebundene Silanolgruppen.<\/li><li><strong>\u03c0-\u03c0-Wechselwirkungen<\/strong>\u00a0zwischen einem aromatischen oder unges\u00e4ttigten gel\u00f6sten Stoff und einer aromatischen station\u00e4ren Phase beobachtet werden.<\/li><li><strong>Sterische Selektivit\u00e4t<\/strong>\u00a0ist ein Ma\u00df f\u00fcr die Zug\u00e4nglichkeit der gel\u00f6sten Stoffe f\u00fcr die station\u00e4re Phase. Gr\u00f6\u00dfere gel\u00f6ste Molek\u00fcle k\u00f6nnen von der station\u00e4ren Phase ausgeschlossen werden.<\/li><li><strong>Dipol-Dipol-Wechselwirkungen<\/strong>zwischen einer dipolaren gel\u00f6sten Gruppe und einer dipolaren Gruppe in der station\u00e4ren Phase sind im Falle von Cyano- und PFP-gebundenen S\u00e4ulen am wichtigsten.<\/li><li><strong>Kationen-Austausch-Wechselwirkungen<\/strong>\u00a0zwischen einem kationischen gel\u00f6sten Stoff und einem ionisierten Silanol in der station\u00e4ren Phase auftreten kann.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5e1be6fdad59e\" data-node=\"5e1be6fdad59e\"><div class=\"fl-module-content fl-node-content\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-294e000 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"294e000\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1252000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1252000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/reverse-phase-column-selection-768x231.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-3786\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/reverse-phase-column-selection-768x231.webp 768w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/reverse-phase-column-selection-300x90.webp 300w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/reverse-phase-column-selection-1024x307.webp 1024w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/reverse-phase-column-selection-600x180.webp 600w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/reverse-phase-column-selection.webp 1209w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" title=\"Umkehrphasen-S\u00e4ulenauswahl | BioVanix\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3abfdb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b3abfdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25506b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25506b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"lazyloaded\">Nachfolgend finden Sie eine allgemeine Zusammenfassung dieser Wechselwirkungen f\u00fcr typische Umkehrphasenbindungen. Bei verschiedenen Analyten k\u00f6nnen unterschiedliche Wechselwirkungen vorherrschen, und die Wechselwirkungsst\u00e4rken variieren zwischen den gebundenen Phasen der verschiedenen Hersteller. Diese Tabelle gibt jedoch einen n\u00fctzlichen Hinweis auf wahrscheinliche Wechselwirkungsst\u00e4rken.<\/p><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"56\"><p><strong>Gebundene Phase<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td class=\"lazyloaded\" width=\"53\"><strong>USP-Auflistung<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"80\"><strong>Hydrophobie<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"61\"><strong>H-Bindung<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"57\"><strong>\u03c0-\u03c0<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"61\"><strong>Sterisch<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"61\"><strong>Dipol-Dipol<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"64\"><strong>Kationen-Austausch<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"56\">C18<\/td><td width=\"53\">L1<\/td><td width=\"80\">Sehr stark<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"57\">Nein<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Nein<\/td><td width=\"64\">Schwach<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"56\">C8<\/td><td width=\"53\">L7<\/td><td width=\"80\">Stark<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"57\">Nein<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Nein<\/td><td width=\"64\">Schwach<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"56\">C4<\/td><td width=\"53\">L26<\/td><td width=\"80\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"57\">Nein<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Nein<\/td><td width=\"64\">Schwach<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"56\">Phenyl<\/td><td width=\"53\">L11<\/td><td width=\"80\">Stark<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"57\">Starker Geber<\/td><td width=\"61\">M\u00e4\u00dfig<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"64\">Schwach<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"56\">PFP<\/td><td width=\"53\">L43<\/td><td width=\"80\">M\u00e4\u00dfig<\/td><td width=\"61\">M\u00e4\u00dfig<\/td><td width=\"57\">Starker Akzeptor<\/td><td width=\"61\">M\u00e4\u00dfig<\/td><td width=\"61\">Stark<\/td><td width=\"64\">M\u00e4\u00dfig<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"56\">Cyano<\/td><td width=\"53\">L10<\/td><td width=\"80\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"57\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Schwach<\/td><td width=\"61\">Stark<\/td><td width=\"64\"><p>Schwach<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f0743d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3f0743d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4224b5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4224b5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"156\" src=\"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/C4C8C18-column-analysis-768x156.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-3787\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/C4C8C18-column-analysis-768x156.webp 768w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/C4C8C18-column-analysis-300x61.webp 300w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/C4C8C18-column-analysis-1024x208.webp 1024w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/C4C8C18-column-analysis-600x122.webp 600w, https:\/\/biovanix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/C4C8C18-column-analysis.webp 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" title=\"C4C8C18-S\u00e4ulen-Analyse | BioVanix\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eca007f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"eca007f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b36387 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b36387\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5e1be7cadf753\" data-node=\"5e1be7cadf753\"><div class=\"fl-module-content fl-node-content\"><div class=\"fl-rich-text\"><h1>C18 Umkehrphasen-S\u00e4ule<\/h1><p>Die Hydrophobie ist der wichtigste Mechanismus f\u00fcr die Wechselwirkung des Analyten mit C18 und anderen alkylgebundenen station\u00e4ren Phasen. Dar\u00fcber hinaus tr\u00e4gt auch die Polarit\u00e4t der Phase zur beobachteten Gesamtselektivit\u00e4t bei.<\/p><h3>Hydrophobie<\/h3><p>Die St\u00e4rke der hydrophoben Wechselwirkung kann anhand der Retention von neutralen (unpolaren) Molek\u00fclen gemessen werden. Die k-Werte (Retentionsfaktoren) f\u00fcr eine neutrale Spezies f\u00fcr eine bestimmte C18-Phase geben einen Hinweis auf die Oberfl\u00e4che und die Oberfl\u00e4chenbedeckung (Ligandendichte) des Silicas.<\/p><p>Der prozentuale Anteil des Kohlenstoffs im Material ist ein einfacher, aber n\u00fctzlicher Anhaltspunkt f\u00fcr die hydrophoben Retentionseigenschaften einer S\u00e4ule. In Abbildung 1 wird diese lockere Korrelation durch die Zunahme der Retention deutlich, die beobachtet wird, wenn die Alkylkettenl\u00e4nge (d. h. die Kohlenstoffmenge) erh\u00f6ht wird. Dieser Anstieg resultiert aus einer Zunahme der Hydrophobie der station\u00e4ren Phase. In \u00e4hnlicher Weise w\u00e4re eine Zunahme der Retention zu erwarten, wenn man von einer C18-Phase mit geringer Kohlenstoffbelastung zu einer mit hoher Kohlenstoffbelastung \u00fcbergeht.<\/p><p>Die hydrophobe Selektivit\u00e4t l\u00e4sst sich anhand des Verh\u00e4ltnisses der Retentionsfaktoren zwischen zwei neutralen Spezies bestimmen. Dies ist ein besseres Ma\u00df f\u00fcr die Oberfl\u00e4chenbedeckung als f\u00fcr den Kohlenstoffgehalt, da Oberfl\u00e4che und Porosit\u00e4t von Kiesels\u00e4ure zu Kiesels\u00e4ure variieren k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><h3>Polarit\u00e4t<\/h3><p>Die zweite Schl\u00fcsseleigenschaft von C18-Materialien ist ihre Silanolaktivit\u00e4t, die oft als Polarit\u00e4t bezeichnet wird. Diese kann durch Messung des Retentionsfaktorverh\u00e4ltnisses zwischen einer basischen und einer sauren Verbindung bestimmt werden. Bei einem pH-Wert &gt;7 entspricht die gesamte Ionenaustauschkapazit\u00e4t einem Ma\u00df f\u00fcr die gesamte Silanolaktivit\u00e4t. Bei einem sauren pH-Wert (z. B. pH 2,7) kann ein Hinweis auf die saure Aktivit\u00e4t der Silanolgruppen erhalten werden. Das Vorhandensein von Metallionen in der basischen Kiesels\u00e4ure erh\u00f6ht den Grad der Silanolaktivit\u00e4t. Siliciumdioxid der \u00e4lteren Generation hat einen h\u00f6heren und weniger streng kontrollierten Gehalt an Metallionen und damit eine h\u00f6here<br \/>Silanolaktivit\u00e4t im Vergleich zu alkylgebundenen Phasen der neueren Generation. F\u00fcr diese<br \/>und anderen Gr\u00fcnden wird dringend empfohlen, neue Methoden zu entwickeln<br \/>sollte mit Siliziumdioxid der neueren Generation mit h\u00f6herem Reinheitsgrad durchgef\u00fchrt werden.<\/p><h3>Hochreine Base Deaktivierte Phasen<\/h3><p>Moderne alkylgebundene Phasen weisen sehr niedrige kumulative Metallionenkonzentrationen innerhalb der Basiskiesels\u00e4ure auf (&lt;10 ppm), was dazu f\u00fchrt, dass die Anzahl der isolierten Silanolgruppen und damit die Polarit\u00e4t der Kiesels\u00e4ureoberfl\u00e4che ebenfalls reduziert wird. In Verbindung mit effektiveren und reproduzierbaren Bindungsprozessen f\u00fchren diese Umkehrphasenmaterialien der neueren Generation zu einer deutlich verbesserten Chromatographie f\u00fcr die basischeren polaren gel\u00f6sten Molek\u00fcle. Die Verwendung von gebundenen Alkylgruppen, die hydrophile Substituenten enthalten (d. h. polar eingebettet sind), kann diesen Effekt entweder verst\u00e4rken und\/oder eine andere Selektivit\u00e4t bieten.<\/p><h3>Optimierung der Selektivit\u00e4t<\/h3><p>Abbildung 2 veranschaulicht die Beziehung zwischen der \u00c4nderung der Polarit\u00e4t und der Hydrophobie f\u00fcr typische C18-, C8- und C4-Materialien und zeigt, dass die Hydrophobie mit abnehmender Alkylkettenl\u00e4nge abnimmt. H\u00f6here Ligandendichte und damit<br \/>geringere Polarit\u00e4t, wird auch beobachtet, wenn die L\u00e4nge der Alkylkette verringert wird. Eine \u00c4nderung der Alkylkettenl\u00e4nge kann jedoch die Analysezeit verk\u00fcrzen, hat aber keinen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Selektivit\u00e4t. Die Umstellung der Chemie auf eine alternative gebundene Phase ist ein leistungsf\u00e4higeres Mittel, um dies zu erreichen.<\/p><h3>\u00c4ltere Generation \"traditionelle\" Phasen<\/h3><p>Die \u00e4lteren \"traditionellen\" C18-Phasen sind hydrophob und haben eine hohe Polarit\u00e4t, da das Siliciumdioxid mit geringerem Reinheitsgrad einen h\u00f6heren Anteil an sauren Silanolgruppen enth\u00e4lt, auf denen sie basieren. Die Verwendung neuerer hochreiner Kiesels\u00e4uren verringert die Silanolaktivit\u00e4t der resultierenden Phasen und verbessert die Reproduzierbarkeit. Die Verwendung einer polaren eingebetteten Funktionalit\u00e4t kann auch zu einem Material mit geringerer Polarit\u00e4t f\u00fchren. F\u00fcr basische gel\u00f6ste Stoffe, die stark mit Oberfl\u00e4chensilanolen wechselwirken, werden im Allgemeinen Phasen mit geringerer Polarit\u00e4t empfohlen. Bei bestimmten Analysen k\u00f6nnen jedoch die zus\u00e4tzlichen Wechselwirkungen, die von den Oberfl\u00e4chensilanolen eines \"herk\u00f6mmlichen\" C18-Materials bereitgestellt werden, f\u00fcr die Gesamttrennung von Vorteil sein.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5e1bfc9080030\" data-node=\"5e1bfc9080030\"><div class=\"fl-module-content fl-node-content\"><div class=\"fl-rich-text\"><h1><strong>Phenyl-Umkehrphasen-S\u00e4ule<\/strong><\/h1><p>Phenylgebundene Silikaphasen bieten eine alternative Selektivit\u00e4t f\u00fcr Umkehrphasen zu alkylgebundenen Phasen. Sie weisen eine geringere hydrophobe Retention auf als ihre C18-Gegenst\u00fccke, mit \u00e4hnlichen Retentionseigenschaften wie C8-gebundene Phasen. Station\u00e4re Phenylphasen interagieren mit Verbindungen, die aromatische Gruppen oder unges\u00e4ttigte Bindungen enthalten, durch \u03c0-\u03c0-Wechselwirkungen. Bei aromatischen gel\u00f6sten Stoffen, die ein elektronegatives Atom oder eine elektronegative Gruppe (z. B. F, NO2) enthalten, nimmt das Ausma\u00df der \u03c0-\u03c0-Wechselwirkungen mit der Phenylphase zu.<\/p><p>Aufgrund der starren Natur des Phenylrings kann auch die Form des gel\u00f6sten Stoffes die Selektivit\u00e4t beeinflussen.<\/p><p>Herk\u00f6mmliche Phenylphasen sind tendenziell weniger stabil als die entsprechenden C8- oder C18-Umkehrphasen. Dar\u00fcber hinaus verringert die gr\u00f6\u00dfere sterische Gr\u00f6\u00dfe der Phenylgruppe die Oberfl\u00e4chenbedeckung, so dass eine gr\u00f6\u00dfere Anzahl von freiliegenden Silanolstellen verbleibt. K\u00fcrzlich eingef\u00fchrte Phenylphasen weisen eine h\u00f6here Stabilit\u00e4t auf. Die Verwendung einer reineren Silicabasis, effektivere und reproduzierbare Bindungsverfahren und die Verf\u00fcgbarkeit eines sterisch gesch\u00fctzten Phenylsilans tragen alle zu einer gr\u00f6\u00dferen Phasenstabilit\u00e4t und einem geringeren Ausbluten der S\u00e4ule bei.<\/p><p>Herk\u00f6mmliche Phenylphasen sind \u00fcber einen Propylspacer an das Siliciumdioxid gebunden. Die Einbindung des l\u00e4ngerkettigen Hexylspacers f\u00fchrt zu einer erh\u00f6hten hydrophoben Retention und aromatischen Selektivit\u00e4t.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5e1bfd6db0ad3\" data-node=\"5e1bfd6db0ad3\"><div class=\"fl-module-content fl-node-content\"><div class=\"fl-rich-text\"><h1>Polar gebundene Silica-Phasen<\/h1><p>Polar gebundene Kiesels\u00e4urephasen bieten eine alternative Selektivit\u00e4t zu alkylgebundenen Materialien. Im Allgemeinen haben sie eine geringere Hydrophobie, aber eine h\u00f6here Polarit\u00e4t. Cyano-, Amino- und Diol-gebundene Phasen k\u00f6nnen sowohl in normaler als auch in umgekehrter Phase verwendet werden. In der Normalphase kommen sie schneller mit dem Eluenten ins Gleichgewicht als Siliciumdioxid selbst und werden durch Spuren von Wasser nicht deaktiviert.<\/p><p>An Cyanogruppen gebundene Phasen weisen eine einzigartige Selektivit\u00e4t f\u00fcr polare Verbindungen auf und sind f\u00fcr Gradiententrennungen in normalen Phasen besser geeignet als reines Siliciumdioxid. Die funktionelle Cyanogruppe ist ein starker Dipol, der mit anderen Dipolen interagieren oder Dipole auf gel\u00f6sten Stoffen induzieren kann. Au\u00dferdem weisen diese Phasen aufgrund des Alkyl-Linkers eine m\u00e4\u00dfige Hydrophobie auf.<\/p><p>Amino-gebundene Phasen zeigen eine andere Selektivit\u00e4t als ungebundenes Siliciumdioxid, insbesondere f\u00fcr Aromaten. Aminos\u00e4ulen werden auch im HILIC-Modus f\u00fcr die Kohlenhydratanalyse und f\u00fcr andere polare Verbindungen verwendet. Ihre schwachen Anionenaustauschereigenschaften k\u00f6nnen f\u00fcr die Analyse von Anionen und organischen S\u00e4uren genutzt werden.<\/p><p>Diolgebundene Phasen sind eine vielseitige Alternative zu ungebundenem Siliciumdioxid f\u00fcr Normalphasentrennungen. Die Hydroxylgruppen bieten eine gute Selektivit\u00e4t ohne \u00fcberm\u00e4\u00dfige Retention, da die H-Bindung mit der Diolschicht schw\u00e4cher ist als bei Silanolen. Einige diolgebundene Phasen sind speziell f\u00fcr HILIC-Anwendungen entwickelt worden. Materialien mit unterschiedlicher Porengr\u00f6\u00dfe werden f\u00fcr Gr\u00f6\u00dfenausschlusstrennungen verwendet.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-766257c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"766257c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eea07d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eea07d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Biovanix Umkehrphasen-S\u00e4ulen &amp; Bulks<\/h2><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\"><strong>Partikelgr\u00f6\u00dfe<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"90\"><strong>Gr\u00f6\u00dfe des Pols<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"100\"><strong>Fl\u00e4che<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"92\"><strong>Kohlenstoffgehalt<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"86\"><strong>pH-Bereich<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><a name=\"_Toc6385822\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc6385689\"><\/a><strong>C18<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">3\/5\/10\/15\/20\/30\/50\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">100\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">15%<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>C18BS<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">5\/10\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">100\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">18%<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>C8<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">3\/5\/10\/15\/20\/30\/50\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">100\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">12%<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>Diol<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">5\/10\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">120\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">8%<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>Amino<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">5\/10\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">120\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">&#8211;<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>CN<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">5\/10\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">120\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">5%<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"76\"><strong>NH<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><\/td><td width=\"107\">5\/10\u03bcm<\/td><td width=\"90\">120\u00c5<\/td><td width=\"100\">300m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g<\/td><td width=\"92\">5%<\/td><td width=\"86\">2-8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22cfa8c9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"22cfa8c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4738cf02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4738cf02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-485a191f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"485a191f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Haben Sie Probleme mit der Fl\u00fcssigkeitschromatographie? Kontaktieren Sie uns direkt.<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1e8d94 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d1e8d94\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a83b025 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a83b025\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-comment\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 32C114.6 32 0 125.1 0 240c0 47.6 19.9 91.2 52.9 126.3C38 405.7 7 439.1 6.5 439.5c-6.6 7-8.4 17.2-4.6 26S14.4 480 24 480c61.5 0 110-25.7 139.1-46.3C192 442.8 223.2 448 256 448c141.4 0 256-93.1 256-208S397.4 32 256 32zm0 368c-26.7 0-53.1-4.1-78.4-12.1l-22.7-7.2-19.5 13.8c-14.3 10.1-33.9 21.4-57.5 29 7.3-12.1 14.4-25.7 19.9-40.2l10.6-28.1-20.6-21.8C69.7 314.1 48 282.2 48 240c0-88.2 93.3-160 208-160s208 71.8 208 160-93.3 160-208 160z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Kontakt<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How to choose\u00a0reversed-phase HPLC Columns? Different bonded phases for reversed-phase separations exhibit different combinations of possible solute-stationary phase interactions. For bonded phase, the variety of separation mechanisms will influence the overall selectivity. This predominance depend on the properties of the analyte, and the applied chromatographic conditions. The most significant interactions between solute and stationary phases [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","category-hplc-introduction"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"biovanix.com","author_link":"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/de\/author\/biovanix-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":25,"uagb_excerpt":"How to choose\u00a0reversed-phase HPLC Columns? Different bonded phases for reversed-phase separations exhibit different combinations of possible solute-stationary phase interactions. For bonded phase, the variety of separation mechanisms will influence the overall selectivity. This predominance depend on the properties of the analyte, and the applied chromatographic conditions. The most significant interactions between solute and stationary phases&hellip;","aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.6.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to choose reversed-phase HPLC Columns? Different bonded phases for reversed-phase separations exhibit different combinations of possible solute-stationary phase interactions. For bonded phase, the variety of separation mechanisms will influence the overall selectivity. This predominance depend on the properties of the analyte, and the applied chromatographic conditions. 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Different bonded phases for reversed-phase separations exhibit different combinations of possible solute-stationary phase interactions. For bonded phase, the variety of separation mechanisms will influence the overall selectivity. This predominance depend on the properties of the analyte, and the applied chromatographic conditions. 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Different bonded phases for reversed-phase separations exhibit different combinations of possible solute-stationary phase interactions. For bonded phase, the variety of separation mechanisms will influence the overall selectivity. This predominance depend on the properties of the analyte, and the applied chromatographic conditions. 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