{"id":3774,"date":"2025-01-20T13:42:02","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T13:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/?p=3774"},"modified":"2025-01-20T14:26:49","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T14:26:49","slug":"breve-introduccion-a-la-cromatografia-liquida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/es\/brief-introduction-of-liquid-chromatography\/","title":{"rendered":"Breve introducci\u00f3n a la cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3774\" class=\"elementor elementor-3774\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17331a0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"17331a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e93cf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e93cf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1><span style=\"color: #33615a;\">Breve introducci\u00f3n a la cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50c82bb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"50c82bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26de943 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26de943\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La historia de la cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida (CL) comenz\u00f3 a principios del siglo XX. En 1906, el bot\u00e1nico ruso Mikhail Tswett invent\u00f3 la CL para separar diversos pigmentos vegetales. Inyect\u00f3 el extracto de la planta y \u00e9ter de petr\u00f3leo a trav\u00e9s de una columna de vidrio rellena de carbonato c\u00e1lcico.<\/p><p>Como esto se hizo en una columna de vidrio, pudo observar los cambios en el interior de la columna. Al principio, s\u00f3lo hay una capa de pigmento en la parte superior de la columna. Pero con el paso del tiempo, el pigmento se separa en cuatro capas de colores diferentes. La investigaci\u00f3n posterior descubri\u00f3 que esas cuatro capas eran verde-azulada; clorofila-a, verde-amarillenta; clorofila b, amarilla; xantina, y naranja; caroteno.<\/p><p>Todo el proceso de separaci\u00f3n duraba varias horas, por lo que no era un m\u00e9todo muy pr\u00e1ctico. Este largo tiempo de an\u00e1lisis fue una de las razones por las que la LC no se convirti\u00f3 en una herramienta anal\u00edtica popular hasta la d\u00e9cada de 1970, medio siglo despu\u00e9s de la invenci\u00f3n de Mikhail Tswett.<\/p><p><em>*La cromatograf\u00eda es una t\u00e9cnica de separaci\u00f3n y la palabra cromatograf\u00eda tiene su origen en chroma que significa \"color\" y graphy que significa \"escribir\". La cromatograf\u00eda es el equipo de separaci\u00f3n y el cromatograma es un gr\u00e1fico de salida obtenido a partir del an\u00e1lisis.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03bcce8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"03bcce8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d71de64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d71de64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Introducci\u00f3n a la HPLC<\/h2><p>HPLC son las siglas de High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida de alto rendimiento). Antes de que existiera la HPLC, el an\u00e1lisis LC se realizaba mediante el flujo gravitacional del eluyente (el disolvente utilizado para el an\u00e1lisis LC), por lo que se necesitaban varias horas para completar el an\u00e1lisis. Incluso las mejoras a\u00f1adidas posteriormente nos permiten acortar ligeramente el tiempo de an\u00e1lisis. Esos sistemas cl\u00e1sicos\/iniciales de CL se denominan \"cromatograf\u00eda de baja presi\u00f3n\" o \"cromatograf\u00eda en columna\".<\/p><p>En la d\u00e9cada de 1970, en EE.UU., Jim Waters fund\u00f3 Waters Corporation y empez\u00f3 a vender instrumentos de HPLC. Esto promovi\u00f3 el uso de la HPLC en \u00e1mbitos de an\u00e1lisis pr\u00e1cticos. Los sistemas LC que desarroll\u00f3 Waters Corporation utilizaban una bomba de alta presi\u00f3n que generaba un flujo r\u00e1pido de eluyente, con lo que se consegu\u00eda una mejora espectacular del tiempo de an\u00e1lisis. En comparaci\u00f3n con la \"cromatograf\u00eda de baja presi\u00f3n\", los nuevos tipos se denominaron \"cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida de alta presi\u00f3n\". Por eso se sol\u00eda pensar que HPLC significa cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida de alta presi\u00f3n, sin embargo, hoy en d\u00eda es un acuerdo com\u00fan que HPLC significa cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida de alto rendimiento. Otro gran cambio con respecto a la fecha de Tswett fueron los m\u00e9todos de adquisici\u00f3n de datos. En lugar de observar los cambios de capas con los ojos, el sistema detector se acoplaba a la LC y el resultado se registraba en un gr\u00e1fico de papel. Si tuvi\u00e9ramos que demostrar el resultado del an\u00e1lisis de Tswett en un gr\u00e1fico (cromatograma).<\/p><p>Inicialmente, el sistema HPLC se denominaba sistema de Waters Corporation. Todav\u00eda hoy, Waters Corporation es el pionero de la HPLC, pero hay varias otras empresas que fabrican y venden sistemas HPLC. Representaci\u00f3n del an\u00e1lisis LC de Tswett.<\/p><p>T\u00e9cnicamente hablando, la palabra LC representa toda la Cromatograf\u00eda L\u00edquida, incluyendo la LC de baja presi\u00f3n, sin embargo, la mayor\u00eda de los sistemas LC son HPLC por lo que a menudo la palabra LC se utiliza como comparable a HPLC.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93722e1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"93722e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28252fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"28252fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cb58b54 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3cb58b54\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29dfc609 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29dfc609\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eff849c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eff849c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u00bfTiene alg\u00fan problema con la cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida? P\u00f3ngase directamente en contacto con nosotros.<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ce28701 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5ce28701\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b57572 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7b57572\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-comment\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 32C114.6 32 0 125.1 0 240c0 47.6 19.9 91.2 52.9 126.3C38 405.7 7 439.1 6.5 439.5c-6.6 7-8.4 17.2-4.6 26S14.4 480 24 480c61.5 0 110-25.7 139.1-46.3C192 442.8 223.2 448 256 448c141.4 0 256-93.1 256-208S397.4 32 256 32zm0 368c-26.7 0-53.1-4.1-78.4-12.1l-22.7-7.2-19.5 13.8c-14.3 10.1-33.9 21.4-57.5 29 7.3-12.1 14.4-25.7 19.9-40.2l10.6-28.1-20.6-21.8C69.7 314.1 48 282.2 48 240c0-88.2 93.3-160 208-160s208 71.8 208 160-93.3 160-208 160z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">P\u00f3ngase en contacto con nosotros<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brief Introduction of Liquid Chromatography The history of Liquid Chromatography (LC) began in the early 20th century. In 1906, a Russian botanist Mikhail Tswett invented LC in order to separate various plant pigments. He injected the plant extract and petroleum ether through a glass column packed with calcium carbonate. Since this was done on a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"left-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","category-hplc-introduction"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"biovanix.com","author_link":"https:\/\/biovanix.com\/es\/author\/biovanix-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":30,"uagb_excerpt":"Brief Introduction of Liquid Chromatography The history of Liquid Chromatography (LC) began in the early 20th century. In 1906, a Russian botanist Mikhail Tswett invented LC in order to separate various plant pigments. He injected the plant extract and petroleum ether through a glass column packed with calcium carbonate. Since this was done on a&hellip;","aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.6.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Brief Introduction of Liquid Chromatography The history of Liquid Chromatography (LC) began in the early 20th century. In 1906, a Russian botanist Mikhail Tswett invented LC in order to separate various plant pigments. 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